Why is broad transcription also known as phonemic transcription?

Broad transcription is referred to as phonemic transcription because it emphasizes the phonemes, which are the distinct units of sound that distinguish words from one another in a particular language. This type of transcription captures the essential sounds that form the basis of communication, rather than detailing every slight variation in pronunciation that might occur in different contexts or by different speakers.

In phonemic transcription, only the sounds that are crucial for understanding meaning are represented, allowing for a more streamlined and efficient way to depict speech sounds. This contrasts with narrow transcription, which would include additional phonetic details and variations that may be present in specific instances of speech, but which do not alter meaning. By focusing solely on phonemes, broad transcription provides a clear picture of the phonemic structure of a language, making it essential for linguistic studies and practical applications like language teaching and speech therapy.